The class Mammalia (

mammal Mammals () are a group of vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia (), characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex (a region of the brain), fur ...

s) is divided into two subclasses based on

reproductive The reproductive system of an organism, also known as the genital system, is the biological system made up of all the anatomical organs involved in sexual reproduction. Many non-living substances such as fluids, hormones, and pheromones are a ...

techniques:

monotreme Monotremes () are prototherian mammals of the order Monotremata. They are one of the three groups of living mammals, along with placentals ( Eutheria), and marsupials (Metatheria). Monotremes are typified by structural differences in their brai ...

s, which lay eggs, and

theria Theria (; Greek: , wild beast) is a subclass of mammals amongst the Theriiformes. Theria includes the eutherians (including the placental mammals) and the metatherians (including the marsupials) but excludes the egg-laying monotremes. ...

ns, mammals which give live birth, which has two infraclasses:

marsupials Marsupials are any members of the mammalian infraclass Marsupialia. All extant marsupials are endemic to Australasia, Wallacea and the Americas. A distinctive characteristic common to most of these species is that the young are carried in a po ...

( pouched mammals) and placental mammals. See List of monotremes and marsupials, and for the

clade A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English ter ...

s and families, see Mammal classification. Classification updated from Wilson and Reeder's '' Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference'' using the '' Planet' Mammifères'' website.

Magnorder
Atlantogenata Atlantogenata is a proposed clade of mammals containing the cohorts or superorders Xenarthra and Afrotheria. These groups originated and radiated in the South American and African continents, respectively, presumably in the Cretaceous. Together ...

Superorder
Afrotheria Afrotheria ( from Latin ''Afro-'' "of Africa" + ''theria'' "wild beast") is a clade of mammals, the living members of which belong to groups that are either currently living in Africa or of African origin: golden moles, elephant shrews (also k ...

Clade
Afroinsectiphilia The Afroinsectiphilia (African insectivores) is a clade that has been proposed based on the results of recent molecular phylogenetic studies. Many of the taxa within it were once regarded as part of the order Insectivora, but Insectivora is now ...

=Order Tubulidentata (
aardvark The aardvark ( ; ''Orycteropus afer'') is a medium-sized, burrowing, nocturnal mammal native to Africa. It is the only living species of the order Tubulidentata, although other prehistoric species and genera of Tubulidentata are known. Unlik ...
s)

* Family

Orycteropodidae Orycteropodidae is a family of afrotherian mammals. Although there are many fossil species, the only species surviving today is the aardvark, ''Orycteropus afer''. Orycteropodidae is recognized as the only family within the order Tubulidentata ...

**Genus '' Orycteropus'' ***

Aardvark The aardvark ( ; ''Orycteropus afer'') is a medium-sized, burrowing, nocturnal mammal native to Africa. It is the only living species of the order Tubulidentata, although other prehistoric species and genera of Tubulidentata are known. Unlik ...

, ''Orycteropus afer''

=Clade hameleoni

Order Macroscelidea ( elephant shrews)

* Family Macroscelididae ** Genus '' Elephantulus'' ***

Short-snouted elephant shrew The short-snouted elephant shrew or short-snouted sengi (''Elephantulus brachyrhynchus'') is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. It is found over a wide area of Africa. Its natural habitats are dry savanna and subtropical o ...

, ''Elephantulus brachyrhynchus'' ***

Cape elephant shrew The Cape elephant shrew (''Elephantulus edwardii''), also known as the Cape rock elephant-shrew,Petra Wester"Sticky snack for sengis: The Cape rock elephant-shrew, ''Elephantulus edwardii'' (Macroscelidea), as a pollinator of the Pagoda lily, ''W ...

, ''Elephantulus edwardii'' ***

Dusky-footed elephant shrew The dusky-footed elephant shrew or dusky-footed sengi (''Elephantulus fuscipes'') is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. It is found in Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, and Uganda. Its natural habitat is subtr ...

, ''Elephantulus fuscipes'' ***

Dusky elephant shrew The dusky elephant shrew or dusky sengi (''Elephantulus fuscus'') is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. It is found in Malawi, Mozambique, and Zambia. Its natural habitat is dry savanna A savanna or savannah is a mix ...

, ''Elephantulus fuscus'' ***

Bushveld elephant shrew The bushveld elephant shrew or bushveld sengi (''Elephantulus intufi'') is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. It is found in Angola, Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry ...

, ''Elephantulus intufi'' *** Eastern rock elephant shrew, ''Elephantulus myurus'' ***

Karoo rock elephant shrew The Karoo rock elephant shrew or Karoo rock sengi (''Elephantulus pilicaudus'') is an elephant shrew in the genus ''Elephantulus''. It is found in Northern Cape Province and Western Cape Province The Western Cape is a province of South Afri ...

, ''Elephantulus pilicaudus'' ***

Somali elephant shrew The Somali elephant shrew or Somali sengi (''Galegeeska revoilii'') is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. Habitat Its natural habitat is arid and semiarid desert with rocky substrates and sparse shrubs. In some parts of ...

, ''Elephantulus revoili'' ***

North African elephant shrew The North African elephant shrew (''Petrosaltator rozeti'') or North African sengi is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. It is found in Algeria, Libya, Morocco, and Tunisia, and (since the extinction of the North Africa ...

, ''Elephantulus rozeti'' ***

Rufous elephant shrew The rufous elephant shrew, rufous sengi or East African long-eared elephant-shrew (''Galegeeska rufescens'') is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. Found in Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania and Uganda, ...

, ''Elephantulus rufescens'' ***

Western rock elephant shrew The western rock elephant shrew or western rock sengi (''Elephantulus rupestris'') is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. It is found in Namibia, South Africa, and possibly Angola and Botswana. Its natural habitats are subt ...

, ''Elephantulus rupestris'' ** Genus '' Macroscelides'' *** Namib round-eared sengi, ''

Macroscelides flavicaudatus ''Macroscelides flavicaudatus'' (common name: Namib round-eared sengi or Namib round-eared elephant shrew) is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae found in the central Namib desert and southern Namibia. Discovery and identi ...

'' *** Etendaka round-eared sengi, ''

Macroscelides micus ''Macroscelides micus'' (common name Etendeka round-eared sengi or Etendeka round-eared elephant shrew) is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. It is only found in gravel plains in the Etendeka formation of north-west Namibi ...

'' *** Round-eared elephant shrew, ''

Macroscelides proboscideus The round-eared elephant shrew (''Macroscelides proboscideus'') or round-eared sengi (called the Karoo round-eared elephant shrew to distinguish it from its sister species; formerly misleadingly named the "short-eared elephant shrew"), is a spe ...

'' ** Genus '' Petrodromus'' *** Four-toed elephant shrew, ''Petrodromus tetradactylus'' ** Genus '' Rhynchocyon'' ***

Golden-rumped elephant shrew The golden-rumped elephant shrew (''Rhynchocyon chrysopygus'') is a small African mammal. It is the largest species of the elephant shrew family along with its close relative the grey-faced sengi. It is classified as endangered. Taxonomy and d ...

, ''Rhynchocyon chrysopygus'' ***

Checkered elephant shrew The checkered elephant shrew or checkered sengi (''Rhynchocyon cirnei'') is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. Description Checked elephant shrews will grow to be around long, excluding their tail, making them one of ...

, ''Rhynchocyon cirnei'' *** Black and rufous elephant shrew, ''Rhynchocyon petersi'' ***

Grey-faced sengi The grey-faced sengi (''Rhynchocyon udzungwensis'') is a species of elephant shrew that is endemic to the Udzungwa Mountains of south-central Tanzania. The discovery of the species was announced in January 2008; only 15 species of elephant shr ...

, ''R. udzungwensis''

Order

Afrosoricida The order Afrosoricida (a Latin-Greek compound name which means "looking like African shrews") contains the golden moles of Southern Africa, the otter shrews of equatorial Africa and the tenrecs of Madagascar. These three families of small mammal ...

( tenrecs and

golden mole Golden moles are small insectivorous burrowing mammals endemic to Sub-Saharan Africa. They comprise the family Chrysochloridae and as such they are taxonomically distinct from the true moles, family Talpidae, and other mole-like families, all ...

* Family Tenrecidae ( tenrecs) ** Subfamily Geogalinae *** Genus ''

Geogale The large-eared tenrec (''Geogale aurita'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is the only species in the monotypic genus ''Geogale'', and the only member of the subfamily Geogalinae. It is endemic to Madagascar where its natura ...

'' **** Large-eared tenrec, ''Geogale aurita'' ** Subfamily Oryzorictinae *** Genus '' Limnogale'' ****

Web-footed tenrec The web-footed tenrec, Malagasy otter shrew, or aquatic tenrec (''Microgale mergulus'') is the only known semiaquatic tenrec (the related African otter shrews have similar habits), and is found in eastern Madagascar, especially in and around Rano ...

, ''Limnogale mergulus'' *** Genus ''

Microgale ''Microgale'' is a genus of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. There are 21 living species on the island of Madagascar and one extinct species known from a fossil. Some species have been discovered in the last twenty years. On the basis of molecul ...

'' **** Short-tailed shrew tenrec, ''Microgale brevicaudata'' ****

Cowan's shrew tenrec Cowan's shrew tenrec (''Microgale cowani'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. Description Cowan's shrew tenrecs weigh an average just over , and have an average length of slightly over . Most specimens are mostly brown, often ...

, ''Microgale cowani'' ****

Dobson's shrew tenrec Dobson's shrew tenrec (''Nesogale dobsoni'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist forests, plantations, and heavily degraded former forest. On the ba ...

, ''Microgale dobsoni'' ****

Drouhard's shrew tenrec Drouhard's shrew tenrec (''Microgale drouhardi''), also known as the striped shrew tenrec, is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical and tropical moist lowland and montan ...

, ''Microgale drouhardi'' ****

Dryad shrew tenrec The dryad shrew tenrec (''Microgale dryas''), also known as the tree shrew tenrec, is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. References

...

, ''Microgale dryas'' ****

Pale shrew tenrec The pale shrew tenrec (''Microgale fotsifotsy''), also known as the pale-footed shrew tenrec is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical and tropical moist lowland and monta ...

, ''Microgale fotsifotsy'' **** Gracile shrew tenrec, ''Microgale gracilis'' ****

Naked-nosed shrew tenrec The naked-nosed shrew tenrec (''Microgale gymnorhyncha'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical and tropical moist lowland and monaten forests. References ...

, ''Microgale gymnorhyncha'' **** Jenkins' shrew tenrec, ''Microgale jenkinsae'' ****

Northern shrew tenrec The northern shrew tenrec (''Microgale jobihely'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar, where it has a restricted disjoint range in two locations 485 km apart in the north and east of the island. In ...

, ''Microgale jobihely'' ****

Lesser long-tailed shrew tenrec The lesser long-tailed shrew tenrec (''Microgale longicaudata'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is active at all hours of the day and night, but each individual maintains its own pattern of rest and activity. Range and Hab ...

, ''Microgale longicaudata'' ****

Major's long-tailed tenrec Major's long-tailed tenrec (''Microgale majori'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitat is the eastern humid forest of the island, as well as some western forests, where it has been see ...

, ''Microgale majori'' ****

Montane shrew tenrec The montane shrew tenrec (''Microgale monticola'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forest Montane ecosystems are found on the slopes ...

, ''Microgale monticola'' ****

Nasolo's shrew tenrec Nasolo's shrew tenrec (''Microgale nasoloi'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane Montane ecosystems are found on the slopes of mountai ...

, ''Microgale nasoloi'' ****

Pygmy shrew tenrec The pygmy shrew tenrec (''Microgale parvula'') is a species of placental mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist forests. While it is not endangered, its population is sl ...

, ''Microgale parvula'' ****

Greater long-tailed shrew tenrec The greater long-tailed shrew tenrec (''Microgale principula'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar, where its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist forests. Distribution and habitat The gre ...

, ''Microgale principula'' ****

Least shrew tenrec The least shrew tenrec (''Microgale pusilla'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, links= ...

, ''Microgale pusilla'' ****

Shrew-toothed shrew tenrec The shrew-toothed shrew tenrec (''Microgale soricoides'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasik ...

, ''Microgale soricoides'' **** Taiva shrew tenrec, ''Microgale taiva'' ****

Talazac's shrew tenrec Talazac's shrew tenrec (''Nesogale talazaci'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist forests. On the basis of molecular data indicating that it and Do ...

, ''Microgale talazaci'' ****

Thomas's shrew tenrec Thomas's shrew tenrec (''Microgale thomasi'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, links=n ...

, ''Microgale thomasi'' *** Genus '' Oryzorictes'' **** Mole-like rice tenrec, ''Oryzorictes hova'' **** Four-toed rice tenrec, ''Oryzorictes tetradactylus'' ** Subfamily Potamogalinae *** Genus '' Micropotamogale'' ****

Nimba otter shrew The Nimba otter shrew (''Micropotamogale lamottei'') is a dwarf otter shrew and belongs to the mammal family Potamogalidae. Otter shrews are shrew-like afrotherian mammals found in sub-Saharan Africa. They are most closely related to the tenrecs ...

, ''Micropotamogale lamottei'' ****

Ruwenzori otter shrew The Ruwenzori otter shrew (''Micropotamogale ruwenzorii'') is a species of semiaquatic dwarf otter shrew of the family Potamogalidae. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, and Uganda. Otter shrews are shrew-like afrotheria ...

, ''Micropotamogale ruwenzorii'' *** Genus ''

Potamogale The giant otter shrew (''Potamogale velox'') is a semiaquatic, carnivorous afrotherian mammal. It is found in the main rainforest block of central Africa from Nigeria to Zambia, with a few isolated populations in Kenya and Uganda. It lives i ...

'' **** Giant otter shrew, ''Potamogale velox'' ** Subfamily Tenrecinae *** Genus ''

Echinops ''Echinops'' is a genus of about 120 species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, commonly known as globe thistles. They have spiny foliage and produce blue or white spherical flower heads. They are native to Europe, east to central As ...

'' ****

Lesser hedgehog tenrec The lesser hedgehog tenrec (''Echinops telfairi'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is the only species in the genus ''Echinops'' and is named in honour of Charles Telfair. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats a ...

, ''Echinops telfairi'' *** Genus '' Hemicentetes'' **** Highland streaked tenrec, ''Hemicentetes nigriceps'' ****

Lowland streaked tenrec The lowland streaked tenrec (''Hemicentetes semispinosus'') is a small tenrec found in Madagascar. It belongs to the family Tenrecidae in the order Afrosoricida, and more specifically to the subfamily of the spiny tenrecs Tenrecinae. Its natural ...

, ''Hemicentetes semispinosus'' *** Genus '' Setifer'' **** Greater hedgehog tenrec, ''Setifer setosus'' *** Genus '' Tenrec'' **** Tailless tenrec, ''Tenrec ecaudatus'' * Family

Chrysochloridae Golden moles are small insectivorous burrowing mammals endemic to Sub-Saharan Africa. They comprise the family Chrysochloridae and as such they are taxonomically distinct from the true moles, family Talpidae, and other mole-like families, all ...

(

s) **Subfamily Chrysochlorinae *** Genus '' Carpitalpa'' **** Arends' golden mole, ''Carpitalpa arendsi'' *** Genus '' Chlorotalpa'' ****

Duthie's golden mole Duthie's golden mole (''Chlorotalpa duthieae'') is a species of mammal in the family Chrysochloridae. It is endemic to South Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, moist savanna, temperate grassland, ar ...

, ''Chlorotalpa duthieae'' **** Sclater's golden mole, ''Chlorotalpa sclateri'' *** Genus '' Chrysochloris'' ****

Cape golden mole The Cape golden mole (''Chrysochloris asiatica'') is a small, insectivorous mammal of the family Chrysochloridae, the golden mole Golden moles are small insectivorous burrowing mammals endemic to Sub-Saharan Africa. They comprise the family C ...

, ''Chrysochloris asiatica'' **** Visagie's golden mole, ''Chrysochloris visagiei'' ****

Stuhlmann's golden mole Stuhlmann's golden mole (''Chrysochloris stuhlmanni'') is a species of mammal in the family Chrysochloridae. It is found in Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical ...

, ''Chrysochloris stuhlmanni'' *** Genus '' Chrysospalax'' ****

Giant golden mole The giant golden mole (''Chrysospalax trevelyani'') is a small mammal found in Africa. At in length, it is the largest of the golden mole species. The mole has dark, glossy brown fur; the name ''golden'' comes from the Greek word for green-gold, ...

, ''Chrysospalax trevelyani'' ****

Rough-haired golden mole The rough-haired golden mole (''Chrysospalax villosus'') is a species of mammal that live mostly below ground. They have shiny coats of dense fur and a streamlined, formless appearance. They have no visible eyes or ears; in fact, they are blind ...

, ''Chrysospalax villosus'' *** Genus '' Cryptochloris'' ****

De Winton's golden mole De Winton's golden mole (''Cryptochloris wintoni'') is a species of mammal in the family Chrysochloridae. It is endemic to South Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical dry shrubland, Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation, and sandy shores. I ...

, ''Cryptochloris wintoni'' **** Van Zyl's golden mole, ''Cryptochloris zyli'' *** Genus '' Eremitalpa'' ****

Grant's golden mole Grant's golden mole (''Eremitalpa granti''; colloquially also: ''dune shark'') is a golden mole species. It is the only member of the genus ''Eremitalpa''. Attributes Like all other golden moles, the build of these animals is similar to the m ...

, ''Eremitalpa granti'' **Subfamily Amblysominae *** Genus ''

Amblysomus ''Amblysomus'' (also narrow-headed golden mole or South African golden mole) is a genus of the golden mole family, Chrysochloridae, comprising five species of the small, insect-eating, burrowing mammals endemic to Southern Africa. All five spec ...

'' ****

Fynbos golden mole The fynbos golden mole (''Amblysomus corriae'') is a species of mammal in the golden mole family, Chrysochloridae. It is endemic to South Africa. Its natural habitats are fynbos vegetation, temperate forests, shrubland, and grassland, subtropic ...

, ''Amblysomus corriae'' ****

Hottentot golden mole The Hottentot golden mole (''Amblysomus hottentotus'') is a species of mammal in the golden mole family, Chrysochloridae. It is found in South Africa, Eswatini, and possibly Lesotho. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, subtropical or ...

, ''Amblysomus hottentotus'' ****

Marley's golden mole Marley's golden mole (''Amblysomus marleyi'') is a species of burrowing mammal in the golden mole family, Chrysochloridae. It is found in South Africa and possibly Eswatini. It has been separated from '' Amblysomus hottentotus'' by Bronner (1995b ...

, ''Amblysomus marleyi'' **** Robust golden mole, ''Amblysomus robustus'' **** Highveld golden mole, ''Amblysomus septentrionalis'' *** Genus ''

Calcochloris ''Calcochloris'' is a genus of mammal in the family Chrysochloridae Golden moles are small insectivorous burrowing mammals endemic to Sub-Saharan Africa. They comprise the family Chrysochloridae and as such they are taxonomically distinct fr ...

'' **** Congo golden mole, ''Calcochloris leucorhinus'' ****

Yellow golden mole The yellow golden mole (''Calcochloris obtusirostris'') is a species of mammal in the family Chrysochloridae. It is found in Mozambique , South Africa (KwaZulu-natal and the Limpopo), and Zimbabwe. The yellow golden mole's natural habitats are su ...

, ''Calcochloris obtusirostris'' ****

Somali golden mole The Somali golden mole (''Calcochloris tytonis'') is a golden mole endemic to Somalia. In 1964, Dr. Alberto Simonetta of the University of Florence discovered the mole's jaw and ear bone fragments in a barn owl pellet in Giohar, Somalia. The So ...

, ''Calcochloris tytonis'' *** Genus '' Neamblysomus'' ****

Juliana's golden mole Juliana's golden mole (''Neamblysomus julianae'') is a golden mole endemic to South Africa. It is listed as an endangered species due to habitat loss and a restricted range. Golden moles are an ancient group of mammals that live mostly below grou ...

, ''Neamblysomus julianae'' **** Gunning's golden mole, ''Neamblysomus gunningi''

Clade Paenungulata

=Order
Hyracoidea Hyraxes (), also called dassies, are small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. Hyraxes are well-furred, rotund animals with short tails. Typically, they measure between long and weigh between . They are superficially simila ...
(
hyrax Hyraxes (), also called dassies, are small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. Hyraxes are well-furred, rotund animals with short tails. Typically, they measure between long and weigh between . They are superficially simila ...
es)

* Family

Procaviidae Hyraxes (), also called dassies, are small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. Hyraxes are well-furred, rotund animals with short tails. Typically, they measure between long and weigh between . They are superficially simil ...

** Genus ''

Dendrohyrax The tree hyrax or tree dassie is a small nocturnal mammal native to Africa. Distantly related to elephants and sea cows, it comprises the four species in the genus ''Dendrohyrax'', one of only three genera in the family Procaviidae, which is the ...

'' ***

Southern tree hyrax The southern tree hyrax (''Dendrohyrax arboreus''), also known as the southern tree dassie, is a species of mammal in the family Procaviidae. The southern tree hyrax is mainly found in the south central eastern side of Africa. Description The so ...

, ''Dendrohyrax arboreus'' ***

Western tree hyrax The western tree hyrax (''Dendrohyrax dorsalis''), also called the western tree dassie or Beecroft's tree hyrax, is a species of tree hyrax within the family Procaviidae. It can be distinguished from other hyraxes by short coarse fur, presence o ...

, ''Dendrohyrax dorsalis'' ** Genus '' Heterohyrax'' ***

Yellow-spotted rock hyrax The yellow-spotted rock hyrax or bush hyrax (''Heterohyrax brucei'') is a species of mammal in the family Procaviidae. It is found in Angola, Botswana, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, southern Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, ...

, ''Heterohyrax brucei'' ** Genus '' Procavia'' *** Cape hyrax, ''Procavia capensis''

=Clade
Tethytheria Tethytheria is a clade of mammals that includes the sirenians and proboscideans, as well as the extinct order Embrithopoda. Though there is strong anatomical and molecular support for the monophyly of Tethytheria, the interrelationships between ...

Order

Proboscidea The Proboscidea (; , ) are a taxonomic order of afrotherian mammals containing one living family ( Elephantidae) and several extinct families. First described by J. Illiger in 1811, it encompasses the elephants and their close relatives. Fr ...

(

elephant Elephants are the largest existing land animals. Three living species are currently recognised: the African bush elephant, the African forest elephant, and the Asian elephant. They are the only surviving members of the family Elephantida ...

* Family

Elephantidae Elephantidae is a family of large, herbivorous proboscidean mammals collectively called elephants and mammoths. These are terrestrial large mammals with a snout modified into a trunk and teeth modified into tusks. Most genera and species in the ...

**Genus '' Loxodonta'' *** African forest elephant, ''

Loxodonta cyclotis The African forest elephant (''Loxodonta cyclotis'') is one of the two living African elephant species. It is native to humid forests in West Africa and the Congo Basin. It is the smallest of the three living elephant species, reaching a should ...

'' ***

African bush elephant The African bush elephant (''Loxodonta africana'') is one of two extant African elephant species and one of three extant elephant species. It is the largest living terrestrial animal, with bulls reaching a shoulder height of up to and a body ...

, ''

Loxodonta africana The African bush elephant (''Loxodonta africana'') is one of two extant African elephant species and one of three extant elephant species. It is the largest living terrestrial animal, with bulls reaching a shoulder height of up to and a body ...

'' **Genus '' Elephas'' ***

Asian elephant The Asian elephant (''Elephas maximus''), also known as the Asiatic elephant, is the only living species of the genus '' Elephas'' and is distributed throughout the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, from India in the west, Nepal in t ...

, ''

Elephas maximus ''Elephas'' is one of two surviving genera in the family of elephants, Elephantidae, with one surviving species, the Asian elephant, ''Elephas maximus''. Several extinct species have been identified as belonging to the genus, extending bac ...

Order

Sirenia The Sirenia (), commonly referred to as sea-cows or sirenians, are an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit swamps, rivers, estuaries, marine wetlands, and coastal marine waters. The Sirenia currently comprise two distinct ...

(

dugong The dugong (; ''Dugong dugon'') is a marine mammal. It is one of four living species of the order Sirenia, which also includes three species of manatees. It is the only living representative of the once-diverse family Dugongidae; its closest m ...

s and

manatee Manatees (family Trichechidae, genus ''Trichechus'') are large, fully aquatic, mostly herbivorous marine mammals sometimes known as sea cows. There are three accepted living species of Trichechidae, representing three of the four living speci ...

* Family

Dugongidae Dugongidae is a family in the order of Sirenia. The family has one surviving species, the dugong (''Dugong dugon''), one recently extinct species, Steller's sea cow (''Hydrodamalis gigas''), and a number of extinct genera known from fossil reco ...

** Genus ''

Dugong The dugong (; ''Dugong dugon'') is a marine mammal. It is one of four living species of the order Sirenia, which also includes three species of manatees. It is the only living representative of the once-diverse family Dugongidae; its closest m ...

'' ***

, ''Dugong dugon'' ** Genus '' Hydrodamalis'' ***†

Steller's sea cow Steller's sea cow (''Hydrodamalis gigas'') is an extinct sirenian described by Georg Wilhelm Steller in 1741. At that time, it was found only around the Commander Islands in the Bering Sea between Alaska and Russia; its range extended across ...

, ''Hydrodamalis gigas'' * Family

Trichechidae Trichechidae is a family of sirenians that includes all living manatees and several extinct genera. Systematics TRICHECHIDAE *MiosireninaeM. Voss. 2014. On the invalidity of Halitherium schinzii Kaup, 1838 (Mammalia, Sirenia), with comments o ...

**Genus ''

Trichechus Manatees (family Trichechidae, genus ''Trichechus'') are large, fully aquatic, mostly herbivorous marine mammals sometimes known as sea cows. There are three accepted living species of Trichechidae, representing three of the four living species ...

'' (

s) ***

West Indian manatee The West Indian manatee (''Trichechus manatus''), also known as the North American manatee, is a large, aquatic mammal native to warm coastal areas of the Caribbean, from the eastern US to northern Brazil. Living alone or in herds, it feeds on un ...

, ''Trichechus manatus'' ***

African manatee The African manatee (''Trichechus senegalensis''), also known as the West African manatee, is a species of manatee that inhabits much of the western region of Africa – from Senegal to Angola. It is the only manatee species to be found in the O ...

, ''Trichechus senegalensis'' ***

Amazonian manatee The Amazonian manatee (''Trichechus inunguis'') is a species of manatee that lives in the Amazon Basin in Brazil, Peru, Colombia and Ecuador. It has thin, wrinkled brownish or gray colored skin, with fine hairs scattered over its body and a wh ...

, ''Trichechus inunguis'' *** Dwarf manatee, ''Trichecus pygmaeus'' – validity questionable

Superorder
Xenarthra Xenarthra (; from Ancient Greek ξένος, xénos, "foreign, alien" + ἄρθρον, árthron, "joint") is a major clade of placental mammals native to the Americas. There are 31 living species: the anteaters, tree sloths, and armadillos. ...

Order Cingulata (
armadillo Armadillos (meaning "little armored ones" in Spanish) are New World placental mammals in the order Cingulata. The Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae are the only surviving families in the order, which is part of the superorder Xenarthra, alo ...
s)

* Family Dasypodidae ** Genus ''

Dasypus ''Dasypus'' is the only extant genus in the family Dasypodidae. Its species are known as long-nosed or naked-tailed armadillos. They are found in South, Central, and North America, as well as on the Caribbean islands of Grenada, Trinidad and T ...

'' ***

Nine-banded armadillo The nine-banded armadillo (''Dasypus novemcinctus''), also known as the nine-banded long-nosed armadillo or common long-nosed armadillo, is a mammal found in North, Central, and South America, making it the most widespread of the armadillos. ...

, ''Dasypus novemcinctus'' *** Seven-banded armadillo, ''Dasypus septemcinctus'' *** Southern long-nosed armadillo, ''Dasypus hybridus'' ***

Llanos long-nosed armadillo The Llanos long-nosed armadillo (''Dasypus sabanicola'') or northern long-nosed armadillo is a species of armadillo in the family Dasypodidae. It is endemic to Colombia and Venezuela, where its habitat is the intermittently flooded grassland of ...

, ''Dasypus sabanicola'' *** Greater long-nosed armadillo, ''Dasypus kappleri'' ***

Hairy long-nosed armadillo The hairy long-nosed armadillo or woolly armadilloGardner AL 2007 Mammals of South America Vol 1: Marsupials, Xenarthrans, Shrews and Bats- University of Chicago Press, Chicago. (''Dasypus pilosus'') is a species of armadillo in the family Dasyp ...

, ''Dasypus pilosus'' ***

Yepes's mulita Yepes's mulita or the Yungas lesser long-nosed armadillo (''Dasypus mazzai)'' is a species of armadillo in the family Dasypodidae. It is endemic to Argentina and Bolivia. Its natural habitat is subtropical dry forests. The species was renamed '' ...

, ''Dasypus yepesi'' * Family

Chlamyphoridae Chlamyphoridae is a family of cingulate mammals. While glyptodonts have traditionally been considered stem-group cingulates outside the group that contains modern armadillos, there had been speculation that the extant family Dasypodidae could b ...

** Subfamily

Chlamyphorinae Chlamyphorinae is a subfamily of South American armadillos in the family Chlamyphoridae. Members of this subfamily, the fairy armadillos, are largely fossorial and have reduced eyes and robust forearms with large claws for digging. __TOC__ Taxo ...

*** Genus '' Calyptophractus'' ****

Greater fairy armadillo The greater fairy armadillo (''Calyptophractus retusus''), also known as Burmeister's armadillo or the Chacoan fairy armadillo, is a species of armadillo in the family Chlamyphoridae. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, and Paraguay. Its natural h ...

, ''Calyptophractus retusus'' *** Genus '' Chlamyphorus'', ''Chlamyphorus truncatus'' **** Pink fairy armadillo, ''Chlamyphorus truncatus'' ** Subfamily

Euphractinae Euphractinae is an armadillo subfamily in the family Chlamyphoridae. Euphractinae are known for having a well developed osteoderm that has large cavities filled with adipose tissue, and more hair follicles with well developed sebaceous glands i ...

*** Genus ''

Euphractus The six-banded armadillo (''Euphractus sexcinctus''), also known as the yellow armadillo, is an armadillo found in South America. The sole extant member of its genus, it was first described by Swedish zoologist Carl Linnaeus in 1758. The six-b ...

'' **** Six-banded armadillo, ''Euphractus sexcinctus'' *** Genus '' Zaedyus'' **** Pichi, ''Zaedyus picky'' *** Genus ''

Chaetophractus ''Chaetophractus'' is a small genus of armadillos in the family Chlamyphoridae. It contains the following three species: Members of the genus are endemic to the continent of South America. They are found in the central and southern countries s ...

'' **** Screaming hairy armadillo, ''Chaetophractus vellerosus'' ****

Big hairy armadillo The big (or large) hairy armadillo (''Chaetophractus villosus'') is one of the largest and most numerous armadillos in South America. It lives from sea level to altitudes of up to 1,300 meters across the southern portion of South America, and ...

, ''Chaetophractus villosus'' **** Andean hairy armadillo, ''Chaetophractus nationi'' ** Subfamily

Tolypeutinae Tolypeutinae is a subfamily of armadillos in the family Chlamyphoridae, consisting of the giant, three-banded and naked-tailed armadillos. __TOC__ Taxonomy It contains the following genera: *''Cabassous'' *'' Kuntinaru'' *'' Priodontes'' *''T ...

*** Genus '' Cabassous'' ****

Greater naked-tailed armadillo The greater naked-tailed armadillo (''Cabassous tatouay'') is an armadillo species from South America. Description Larger than the closely related southern naked-tailed armadillos, adults of the greater species measure in head-body length, with ...

, ''Cabassous tatouay'' **** Chacoan naked-tailed armadillo, ''Cabassous chacoensis'' ****

Northern naked-tailed armadillo The northern naked-tailed armadillo (''Cabassous centralis'') is a species of armadillo. It is one of only two species of armadillo found outside of South America, the other being the more widely distributed nine-banded armadillo. Description T ...

, ''Cabassous centralis'' ****

Southern naked-tailed armadillo The southern naked-tailed armadillo (''Cabassous unicinctus'') is a species of small armadillo from South America. Description Smaller than some other armadillos, males measure an average of in head-body length, and weigh around , while females ...

, ''Cabassous unicinctus'' *** Genus ''

Priodontes The giant armadillo (''Priodontes maximus''), colloquially ''tatu-canastra'', ''tatou'', ''ocarro'' or ''tatú carreta'', is the largest living species of armadillo (although their extinct relatives, the glyptodonts, were much larger). It live ...

'' ****

Giant armadillo The giant armadillo (''Priodontes maximus''), colloquially ''tatu-canastra'', ''tatou'', ''ocarro'' or ''tatú carreta'', is the largest living species of armadillo (although their extinct relatives, the glyptodonts, were much larger). It live ...

, ''Priodontes maximus'' *** Genus ''

Tolypeutes The genus ''Tolypeutes'' contains the two species of three-banded armadillo Armadillos (meaning "little armored ones" in Spanish) are New World placental mammals in the order Cingulata. The Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae are the only survi ...

'' **** Southern three-banded armadillo, ''Tolypeutes matacus'' ****

Brazilian three-banded armadillo The Brazilian three-banded armadillo (''Tolypeutes tricinctus'') is an armadillo species endemic to eastern Brazil, where it is known as (, lit. ball armadillo). It is one of only two species of armadillo that can roll into a ball (the other is ...

, ''Tolypeutes tricinctus''

Order Pilosa

10 extant species in 4 families, all in the Americas, comprising anteaters and sloths. Silky anteater

=Suborder Vermilingua (
anteater Anteater is a common name for the four extant mammal species of the suborder Vermilingua (meaning "worm tongue") commonly known for eating ants and termites. The individual species have other names in English and other languages. Together wit ...
s)

= * Family Cyclopedidae ** Genus ''

Cyclopes In Greek mythology and later Roman mythology, the Cyclopes ( ; el, Κύκλωπες, ''Kýklōpes'', "Circle-eyes" or "Round-eyes"; singular Cyclops ; , ''Kýklōps'') are giant one-eyed creatures. Three groups of Cyclopes can be distinguish ...

'' ***

Silky anteater The silky anteater, also known as the pygmy anteater, has traditionally been considered a single species of anteater, ''Cyclopes didactylus'', in the genus ''Cyclopes'', the only living genus in the family Cyclopedidae. Found in southern Mexico ...

, ''Cyclopes didactylus'' * Family

Myrmecophagidae The Myrmecophagidae are a family of anteaters, the name being derived from the Ancient Greek words for 'ant' and 'eat' (''myrmeco-'' and '). Two genera and three species are in the family, consisting of the giant anteater, and the tamanduas. T ...

** Genus ''

Myrmecophaga The giant anteater (''Myrmecophaga tridactyla'') is an insectivorous mammal native to Central and South America. It is one of four living species of anteaters, of which it is the largest member. The only extant member of the genus ''Myrmecophag ...

'' ***

Giant anteater The giant anteater (''Myrmecophaga tridactyla'') is an insectivorous mammal native to Central and South America. It is one of four living species of anteaters, of which it is the largest member. The only extant member of the genus ''Myrmecophag ...

, ''Myrmecophaga tridactyla'' ** Genus ''

Tamandua ''Tamandua'' is a genus of anteaters with two species: the southern tamandua (''T. tetradactyla'') and the northern tamandua (''T. mexicana''). They live in forests and grasslands, are semiarboreal, and possess partially prehensile tails. They m ...

'' ***

Northern tamandua The northern tamandua (''Tamandua mexicana'') is a species of tamandua, an anteater in the family Myrmecophagidae. They live in tropical and subtropical forests from southern Mexico, through Central America, and to the edge of the northern Andes ...

, ''Tamandua mexicana'' ***

Southern tamandua The southern tamandua (''Tamandua tetradactyla''), also called the collared anteater or lesser anteater, is a species of anteater from South America and the island of Trinidad in the Caribbean. It is a solitary animal found in many habitats, fro ...

, ''Tamandua tetradactyla''

=Suborder Folivora (
sloth Sloths are a group of Neotropical xenarthran mammals constituting the suborder Folivora, including the extant arboreal tree sloths and extinct terrestrial ground sloths. Noted for their slowness of movement, tree sloths spend most of their l ...
s)

= * Family Bradypodidae (

three-toed sloth The three-toed or three-fingered sloths are arboreal neotropical mammals . They are the only members of the genus ''Bradypus'' and the family Bradypodidae. The four living species of three-toed sloths are the brown-throated sloth, the maned slot ...

** Genus '' Bradypus'' *** Pygmy three-toed sloth, ''Bradypus pygmaeus'' ***

Brown-throated sloth The brown-throated sloth (''Bradypus variegatus'') is a species of three-toed sloth found in the Neotropical realm of Central and South America. It is the most common of the four species of three-toed sloth, and is found in the forests of South ...

, ''Bradypus variegatus'' *** Pale-throated three-toed sloth, ''Bradypus tridactylus'' ***

Maned three-toed sloth The maned sloth (''Bradypus torquatus'') is a three-toed sloth that is native to South America. It is one of four species of three-toed sloths belonging to the suborder Xenarthra and are placental mammals. They are endemic to the Atlantic coasta ...

, ''Bradypus torquatus'' * Family Megalonychidae ( two-toed sloths) ** Genus '' Choloepus'' ***

Hoffman's two-toed sloth Hoffmann's two-toed sloth (''Choloepus hoffmanni''), also known as the northern two-toed sloth is a species of sloth from Central and South America. It is a solitary, largely nocturnal and arboreal animal, found in mature and secondary rainfo ...

, ''Choloepus hoffmanni'' *** Linnaeus's two-toed sloth, ''Choloepus didactylus''

Magnorder
Boreoeutheria Boreoeutheria (, "northern true beasts") is a magnorder of placental mammals that groups together superorders Euarchontoglires and Laurasiatheria. With a few exceptionsExceptional clades whose males lack the usual boreoeutherian scrotum are mo ...

Superorder
Euarchontoglires Euarchontoglires (synonymous with Supraprimates) is a clade and a superorder of mammals, the living members of which belong to one of the five following groups: rodents, lagomorphs, treeshrews, colugos, and primates. Evolutionary affinities wi ...

Grandorder
Euarchonta The Euarchonta are a proposed grandorder of mammals: the order Scandentia (treeshrews), and its sister Primatomorpha mirorder, containing the Dermoptera or colugos and the primates (Plesiadapiformes and descendents). The term "Euarchonta" (mea ...

=Mirorder
Primatomorpha The Primatomorpha are a proposed mirorder of mammals containing the flying lemurs (order Dermoptera or colugos) and lemurs (Strepsirrhini, adapiformes and lemuriformes). However, notably, the haplorhini are sister to the lemurs, together form ...

Order Scandentia (

treeshrew The treeshrews (or tree shrews or banxrings) are small mammals native to the tropical forests of South and Southeast Asia. They make up the entire order Scandentia, which split into two families: the Tupaiidae (19 species, "ordinary" treeshre ...

There are 20 species placed in five genera; all are from Southeast Asia. * Family Ptilocercidae ** Genus '' Ptilocercus'' *** Pen-tailed treeshrew, ''Ptilocercus lowii'' * Family Tupaiidae Tupaia cf javanica 050917 manc

** Genus ''

Anathana The Madras treeshrew (''Anathana ellioti''), also known as the Indian treeshrew, is a species of treeshrew in the monotypic genus ''Anathana'' found in the hill forests of central and southern India. The genus name is derived from the Tamil name ...

'' ***

Madras treeshrew The Madras treeshrew (''Anathana ellioti''), also known as the Indian treeshrew, is a species of treeshrew in the monotypic genus ''Anathana'' found in the hill forests of central and southern India. The genus name is derived from the Tamil name ...

, ''Anathana ellioti'' ** Genus '' Dendrogale'' *** Bornean smooth-tailed treeshrew, ''Dendrogale melanura'' ***

Northern smooth-tailed treeshrew The northern smooth-tailed treeshrew (''Dendrogale murina'') is a species of treeshrew in the family Tupaiidae found in Cambodia, Thailand, and Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam ...

, ''Dendrogale murina'' ** Genus '' Tupaia'' ***

Northern treeshrew The northern treeshrew (''Tupaia belangeri'') is a treeshrew species native to Southeast Asia. In 1841, the German zoologist Johann Andreas Wagner first used the specific name ''Cladobates belangeri'' for treeshrews that had been collected in Pe ...

, ''Tupaia belangeri'' ***

Golden-bellied treeshrew The golden-bellied treeshrew (''Tupaia chrysogaster'') is a treeshrew species within the Tupaiidae. It is also called Mentawai treeshrew as it is endemic to the Indonesian Mentawai islands of Sipora, North and South Pagai. It lives in forests, an ...

, ''Tupaia chrysogaster'' ***

Striped treeshrew The striped treeshrew (''Tupaia dorsalis'') is a treeshrew species within the Tupaiidae. It is endemic to Borneo and known only from a few individuals in Sabah, Sarawak, Brunei and Kalimantan Kalimantan () is the Indonesian portion of the isla ...

, ''Tupaia dorsalis'' ***

Common treeshrew The common treeshrew (''Tupaia glis'') is a small mammal in the treeshrew family Tupaiidae, and is native to Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia. It has been listed as Least Concern by IUCN as it remains common and displays some adaptability to ong ...

, ''Tupaia glis'' ***

Slender treeshrew The slender treeshrew (''Tupaia gracilis'') is a treeshrew species within the Tupaiidae. It is native to Borneo Borneo (; id, Kalimantan) is the third-largest island in the world and the largest in Asia. At the geographic centre of Mari ...

, ''Tupaia gracilis'' ***

Horsfield's treeshrew Horsfield's treeshrew (''Tupaia javanica''), also called Javan treeshrew, is a treeshrew species within the Tupaiidae. It is endemic to the Indonesian islands of Sumatra, Bali, Java and Nias where it inhabits foremost primary forest. It was firs ...

, ''Tupaia javanica'' *** Long-footed treeshrew, ''Tupaia longipes'' ***

Pygmy treeshrew The pygmy treeshrew (''Tupaia minor'') is a treeshrew species within the family Tupaiidae. It is native to Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia. The generic name is derived from the Malay word ''tupai'' meaning squirrel or small animals that resemb ...

, ''Tupaia minor'' *** Calamian treeshrew, ''Tupaia moellendorffi'' *** Mountain treeshrew, ''Tupaia montana'' ***

Nicobar treeshrew The Nicobar treeshrew (''Tupaia nicobarica'') is a treeshrew species within the Tupaiidae. It is endemic to the Nicobar Islands where it inhabits the islands' rain forests. It is threatened by habitat loss. Although previously listed as an endan ...

, ''Tupaia nicobarica'' *** Palawan treeshrew, ''Tupaia palawanensis'' *** Painted treeshrew, ''Tupaia picta'' *** Ruddy treeshrew, ''Tupaia splendidula'' *** Large treeshrew, ''Tupaia tana'' ** Genus '' Urogale'' *** Mindanao treeshrew, ''Urogale everetti''

Order Dermoptera ( colugos)

Colugo (Galeopterus variegatus, adult female), Central Catchment Area, Singapore - 20060618

* Family Cynocephalidae ** Genus '' Cynocephalus'' ***

Philippine flying lemur The Philippine flying lemur or Philippine colugo (''Cynocephalus volans''), known locally as ''kagwang'', is one of two species of colugo or "flying lemurs". It is monotypic of its genus. Although it is called "flying lemur", the Philippine fl ...

, ''Cynocephalus volans'' ** Genus ''

Galeopterus The Sunda flying lemur (''Galeopterus variegatus''), also known as Sunda colugo, Malayan flying lemur and Malayan colugo, is a colugo species. It is native throughout Southeast Asia ranging from southern Myanmar, Thailand, southern Vietnam, Malay ...

'' ***

Sunda flying lemur The Sunda flying lemur (''Galeopterus variegatus''), also known as Sunda colugo, Malayan flying lemur and Malayan colugo, is a colugo species. It is native throughout Southeast Asia ranging from southern Myanmar, Thailand, southern Vietnam, Malay ...

, ''Galeopterus variegatus''

Order

Primates Primates are a diverse order of mammals. They are divided into the strepsirrhines, which include the lemurs, galagos, and lorisids, and the haplorhines, which include the tarsiers and the simians ( monkeys and apes, the latter including ...

Grandorder
Glires Glires (, Latin ''glīrēs'' 'dormice') is a clade (sometimes ranked as a grandorder) consisting of rodents and lagomorphs ( rabbits, hares, and pikas). The hypothesis that these form a monophyletic group has been long debated based on morpho ...

=Order
Rodent Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are n ...
ia

=Order Lagomorpha

Superorder
Laurasiatheria Laurasiatheria ("laurasian beasts") is a superorder of placental mammals that groups together true insectivores ( eulipotyphlans), bats ( chiropterans), carnivorans, pangolins ( pholidotes), even-toed ungulates ( artiodactyls), odd-toed ungulat ...

Order
Eulipotyphla Eulipotyphla (, which means "truly fat and blind") is an order of mammals suggested by molecular methods of phylogenetic reconstruction, which includes the laurasiatherian members of the now-invalid polyphyletic order Lipotyphla, but not the ...

* Family Solenodontidae ** Genus ''

Solenodon Solenodons (from el, τέλειος , 'channel' or 'pipe' and el, ὀδούς , 'tooth') are venomous, nocturnal, burrowing, insectivorous mammals belonging to the family Solenodontidae . The two living solenodon species are the Cuban solen ...

'' *** † Giant solenodon, ''Solenodon arredondoi'' *** † Marcano's solenodon, ''Solenodon marcanoi'' *** Cuban solenodon, ''Solenodon cubanus'' *** Hispaniolan solenodon, ''Solenodon paradoxus'' * Family Talpidae ** Subfamily Uropsilinae (shrewmoles) *** Genus ''

Uropsilus The shrew moles or shrew-like moles (''Uropsilus'') are shrew-like members of the mole family of mammals endemic to the forested, high-alpine region bordering China, Myanmar, and Vietnam. They possess a long snout, a long slender tail, external ...

'' ****

Anderson's shrew mole The Anderson's shrew mole (''Uropsilus andersoni'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to China. Its species name In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called nomenclature ("two-nam ...

, ''Uropsilus andersoni'' ****

Gracile shrew mole The gracile shrew mole (''Uropsilus gracilis'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to China; populations known from Myanmar likely represent other species (see below). The black-backed shrew mole (''U. atronates'') an ...

, ''Uropsilus gracilis'' ****

Inquisitive shrew mole The inquisitive shrew mole (''Uropsilus investigator'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is only known from Yunnan province of China, although its range is thought to extend over the border into Myanmar. A 2018 phylogenetic stu ...

, ''Uropsilus investigator'' ****

Chinese shrew mole The Chinese shrew mole (''Uropsilus soricipes'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to China, Sichuan Province Sichuan (; zh, c=, labels=no, ; zh, p=Sìchuān; alternatively romanized as Szechuan or Szechwan ...

, ''Uropsilus soricipes'' ** Subfamily Neurotrichinae (American shrew mole) *** Genus ''

Neurotrichus ''Neurotrichus'' is a genus of shrew-like moles. It is classified, together with the fossil genus '' Quyania'', in the tribe Neurotrichini of the subfamily Talpinae. The only living species is the American shrew-mole The American shrew mole ...

'' **** American shrew mole, ''Neurotrichus gibbsii'' ** Subfamily Desmaninae (diving moles) *** Genus '' Desmana'' ****

Russian desman The Russian desman (''Desmana moschata'') (russian: выхухоль ''vykhukhol'') is a small semiaquatic mammal that inhabits the Volga, Don and Ural River basins in Russia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan. It constructs burrows into the banks of pond ...

, ''Desmana moschata'' *** Genus ''

Galemys ''Galemys'' is a genus of mole containing the living Pyrenean desman ''(Galemys pyrenaicus)'' and several fossil species. Many of these extinct species were far more widespread than the living species; for example, the Early Pleistocene ''Galemy ...

'' **** Pyrenean desman, ''Galemys pyrenaicus'' ** Subfamily Talpinae *** Tribe

Talpini Talpini is a tribe of mammals known as Old World Moles. It is a division of the subfamily Talpinae. This tribe contains the following genera and species: * Tribe Talpini ** Genus ''Euroscaptor'' *** Greater Chinese mole, ''E. grandis'' *** ...

**** Genus ''

Euroscaptor ''Euroscaptor'' is a genus of mammal in the family Talpidae. Members are found in China and South & Southeast Asia. It contains the following species as of October 2021: * Greater Chinese mole (''Euroscaptor grandis'') * Kloss's mole (''Eurosc ...

'' *****

Greater Chinese mole The greater Chinese mole (''Euroscaptor grandis'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is found in China and potentially Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions re ...

, ''Euroscaptor grandis'' ***** Kloss's mole, ''Euroscaptor klossi'' *****

Long-nosed mole The long-nosed mole (''Euroscaptor longirostris'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to China, where it has a widespread distribution. Orlov's mole (''E. orlovi'') and Kuznetsov's mole (''E. kuznetsovi''), both of wh ...

, ''Euroscaptor longirostris'' ***** Malaysian mole, ''Euroscaptor malayana'' *****

Himalayan mole The Himalayan mole (''Euroscaptor micrurus'') or short-tailed mole is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. Taxonomy The Malaysian mole (''E. malayanus'') of peninsular Malaysia was sometimes (erroneously) considered to be a population ...

, ''Euroscaptor micrura'' ***** Japanese mountain mole, ''Euroscaptor mizura'' ***** Small-toothed mole, ''Euroscaptor parvidens'' ***** '' Euroscaptor subanura'' **** Genus ''

Mogera ''Mogera'' is a genus of mammals in the family Talpidae The family Talpidae () includes the moles (some of whom are called shrew moles and desmans) who are small insectivorous mammals of the order Eulipotyphla. Talpids are all digging ani ...

'' ***** Echigo mole, ''Mogera etigo'' *****

Insular mole The insular mole (''Mogera insularis'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is restricted to Hainan Island and Taiwan, where it is also known as the Formosan blind mole. The species was first described by Robert Swinhoe in 1863. ...

, ''Mogera insularis'' ***** Kano mole, ''Mogera kanoana'' ***** Kobe mole, ''Mogera kobeae'' ***** Small Japanese mole, ''Mogera imaizumii'' *****

Large mole The Ussuri mole or large mole (''Mogera robusta''), is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae, formerlly treated as a subspecies of the Japanese mole. It is found in China, North Korea, South Korea, and Russia and lives in a long burrow, s ...

, ''Mogera robusta'' *****

Sado mole The Sado mole or Tokuda's mole (''Mogera tokudae'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to Sado Island, Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situ ...

, ''Mogera tokudae'' ***** Japanese mole, ''Mogera wogura'' *****

Senkaku mole The Senkaku mole (''Mogera uchidai''), also known as the Ryukyu mole, is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It was formerly classified as being the only species in the genus '' Nesoscaptor''. It is endemic to the Uotsuri-jima ( ja, 魚� ...

, ''Mogera uchidai'' **** Genus ''

Parascaptor The white-tailed mole (''Parascaptor leucura'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is found in Bangladesh, China, India, and Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventio ...

'' *****

White-tailed mole The white-tailed mole (''Parascaptor leucura'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is found in Bangladesh, China, India, and Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventio ...

, ''Parascaptor leucura'' **** Genus ''

Scaptochirus The short-faced mole (''Scaptochirus moschatus'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is the only species within the genus ''Scaptochirus''. It is endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geog ...

'' *****

Short-faced mole The short-faced mole (''Scaptochirus moschatus'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is the only species within the genus ''Scaptochirus''. It is endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geog ...

, ''Scaptochirus moschatus'' **** Genus ''

Talpa Talpa may refer to: Places * Talpa, Iran, a village in Khuzestan Province, Iran * Talpa, Teleorman, a commune in Teleorman County, Romania * Talpa, a village in Cândeşti Commune, Botoşani County, Romania * Talpa, a village in Bârgăuani Commun ...

'' ***** Altai mole, ''Talpa altaica'' *****

Blind mole The blind mole (''Talpa caeca''), also known as the Mediterranean mole, is a mole found in the Mediterranean region. It is similar to the European mole, differing most prominently in having eyes covered with skin. It is found in Albania, France, ...

, ''Talpa caeca'' ***** Caucasian mole, ''Talpa caucasica'' ***** European mole, ''Talpa europaea'' ***** Père David's mole, ''Talpa davidiana'' ***** Levant mole, ''Talpa levantis'' ***** Spanish mole, ''Talpa occidentalis'' ***** Roman mole, ''Talpa romana'' ***** Balkan mole, ''Talpa stankovici'' *** Tribe

Condylurini ''Condylura'' is a genus of moles that contains a single extant species, the star-nosed mole ''(Condylura cristata)'' endemic to the northern parts of North America. It is also the only living member of the tribe Condylurini. While today endemic ...

**** Genus ''

Condylura ''Condylura'' is a genus of moles that contains a single extant species, the star-nosed mole ''(Condylura cristata)'' endemic to the northern parts of North America. It is also the only living member of the tribe Condylurini. While today endemic ...

'' ***** Star-nosed mole, ''Condylura cristata'' *** Tribe

Scalopini The Scalopini are a tribe of moles belonging to the family Talpidae. They include all the New World moles apart from the strikingly distinctive star-nosed mole. As the similarity of the names implies, they are the standard form of the Scalopina ...

**** Genus ''

Parascalops The hairy-tailed mole (''Parascalops breweri''), also known as Brewer's mole, is a medium-sized North American mole. It is the only member of the genus ''Parascalops''. The species epithet ''breweri'' refers to Thomas Mayo Brewer, an American na ...

'' *****

Hairy-tailed mole The hairy-tailed mole (''Parascalops breweri''), also known as Brewer's mole, is a medium-sized North American mole. It is the only member of the genus ''Parascalops''. The species epithet ''breweri'' refers to Thomas Mayo Brewer, an American na ...

, ''Parascalops breweri'' **** Genus '' Scalopus'' ***** Eastern mole (common mole), ''Scalopus aquaticus'' **** Genus ''

Scapanulus The Gansu mole (''Scapanulus oweni'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae endemic to central China, where it occurs in Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, and Qinghai. It is the only species in the genus ''Scapanulus''. Along with the Medog m ...

'' ***** Gansu mole, ''Scapanulus oweni'' **** Genus '' Scapanus'' (western North American moles) ***** Anthony's Mexican mole, ''Scapanus anthonyi'' *****

Northern broad-footed mole The northern broad-footed mole (''Scapanus latimanus'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to the United States, where it is found in northern California, Nevada and Oregon at elevations up to 3000 m above sea leve ...

(''Scapanus latimanus'') *****

Southern broad-footed mole The southern broad-footed mole (''Scapanus occultus'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is found only in the U.S. state of California and northernmost Baja California in Mexico. Taxonomy It was formerly considered a subspecie ...

(''Scapanus occultus'') ***** Coast mole, ''Scapanus orarius'' *****

Townsend's mole The Townsend's mole (''Scapanus townsendii'') is a fossorial mammal in the family Talpidae, and is the largest North American mole. It was named after the American naturalist John Kirk Townsend. The name was selected at the request of Thomas Nut ...

, ''Scapanus townsendii'' *** Tribe

Scaptonychini The long-tailed mole (''Scaptonyx fusicauda'') is a species of mole in the family Talpidae. It is found in China, Vietnam and Myanmar. Taxonomy The species is the only species in the genus ''Scaptonyx'' and the tribe Scaptonychini. At least tw ...

**** Genus '' Scaptonyx'' ***** Long-tailed mole, ''Scaptonyx fusicaudus'' *** Tribe Urotrichini **** Genus '' Dymecodon'' ***** True's shrew mole, ''Dymecodon pilirostris'' **** Genus '' Urotrichus'' ***** Japanese shrew mole, ''Urotrichus talpoides'' * Family

Erinaceidae Erinaceidae is a family in the order Eulipotyphla, consisting of the hedgehogs and moonrats. Until recently, it was assigned to the order Erinaceomorpha, which has been subsumed with the paraphyletic Soricomorpha into Eulipotyphla. Eulipotyph ...

** Subfamily

Erinaceinae A hedgehog is a spiny mammal of the subfamily Erinaceinae, in the eulipotyphlan family Erinaceidae. There are seventeen species of hedgehog in five genera found throughout parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa, and in New Zealand by introduc ...

(

hedgehog A hedgehog is a spiny mammal of the subfamily Erinaceinae, in the eulipotyphlan family Erinaceidae. There are seventeen species of hedgehog in five genera found throughout parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa, and in New Zealand by introductio ...

s) *** Genus ''

Atelerix ''Atelerix'' is a genus of hedgehog in the family Erinaceidae. It contains four species, all native to Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million ...

'' **** Four-toed hedgehog, ''Atelerix albiventris'' **** North African hedgehog, ''Atelerix algirus'' **** Southern African hedgehog, ''Atelerix frontalis'' **** Somali hedgehog, ''Atelerix sclateri'' *** Genus ''

Erinaceus ''Erinaceus'' is a genus of hedgehog from the family of Erinaceidae. There are four main species of ''Erinaceus''. The range is all across Europe, throughout the Middle East, parts of Russia, and extending to northern China and Korea. The Europ ...

'' **** Amur hedgehog, ''Erinaceus amurensis'' ****

Southern white-breasted hedgehog The southern white-breasted hedgehog (''Erinaceus concolor''), sometimes referred to as white-bellied hedgehog or white-chested hedgehog, is a hedgehog native to Eastern Europe and Southwestern Asia. Description It is very similar in lifestyle an ...

, ''Erinaceus concolor'' ****

European hedgehog The European hedgehog (''Erinaceus europaeus''), also known as the West European hedgehog or common hedgehog, is a hedgehog species native to Europe from Iberia and Italy northwards into Scandinavia and westwards into the British Isles.Harris, S ...

, ''Erinaceus europaeus'' ****

Northern white-breasted hedgehog The northern white-breasted hedgehog (''Erinaceus roumanicus'') is a species of hedgehog. Distribution The range of the species extends in the west as far as Poland, Austria and the former Yugoslavia, and south to Greece and the Adriatic Islands ...

, ''Erinaceus roumanicus'' *** Genus ''

Hemiechinus ''Hemiechinus'' is a genus of hedgehogs. It contains two species, found in Central and South Asia. Species * Long-eared hedgehog (''Hemiechinus auritus'') * Indian long-eared hedgehog (''Hemiechinus collaris'') References Mammal ge ...

'' **** Long-eared hedgehog, ''Hemiechinus auritus'' **** Indian long-eared hedgehog, ''Hemiechinus collaris'' *** Genus ''

Mesechinus ''Mesechinus'' is a genus of hedgehogs. It contains four species from East Asia: * Daurian hedgehog (''Mesechinus dauuricus'') * Hugh's hedgehog (''Mesechinus hughi'') * Gaoligong forest hedgehog (''Mesechinus wangi'') * Small-toothed fores ...

'' **** Daurian hedgehog, ''Mesechinus dauuricus'' **** Hugh's hedgehog, ''Mesechinus hughi'' *** Genus ''

Paraechinus ''Paraechinus'' is a genus of hedgehogs. Members are small and nocturnal. The genus contains four species from North Africa, the Middle East and South Asia: * Desert hedgehog (''Paraechinus aethiopicus'') * Brandt's hedgehog (''Paraechinus hy ...

'' ****

Desert hedgehog The desert hedgehog (''Paraechinus aethiopicus'') is a species of mammal in the family Erinaceidae. Basic facts The desert hedgehog is one of the smallest of hedgehogs. It is long and weighs about . The quills (or spines to give their correct ...

, ''Paraechinus aethiopicus'' **** Brandt's hedgehog, ''Paraechinus hypomelas'' ****

Indian hedgehog The Indian hedgehog (''Paraechinus micropus'') is a species of hedgehog native to India and Pakistan. It mainly lives in sandy desert areas but can be found in other environments. Description The Indian hedgehog can be compared to the long-ear ...

, ''Paraechinus micropus '' ****

Bare-bellied hedgehog The bare-bellied hedgehog (''Paraechinus nudiventris''), also known as the Madras hedgehog, is a species of hedgehog that is endemic to dry arid regions and scrubby jungles in southeastern India. As it was believed to be rare, it was formerly ...

, ''Paraechinus nudiventris'' ** Subfamily

Galericinae Gymnures, also called hairy hedgehogs or moonrats, are mammals belonging to the subfamily Galericinae, in the family Erinaceidae and the order Eulipotyphla. Gymnures resemble rats but are not closely related as they are not rodents; they are i ...

(

gymnure Gymnures, also called hairy hedgehogs or moonrats, are mammals belonging to the subfamily Galericinae, in the family Erinaceidae and the order Eulipotyphla. Gymnures resemble rats but are not closely related as they are not rodents; they are ...

s or

moonrat The moonrat (''Echinosorex gymnura'') is a southeast Asian species of mammal in the family Erinaceidae (hedgehogs and gymnures). It is the only species in the genus ''Echinosorex''. The moonrat is a fairly small, primarily carnivorous animal whi ...

s) *** Genus '' Echinosorex'' **** Greater moonrat, ''Echinosorex gymnura'' *** Genus ''

Hylomys ''Hylomys'' is a small genus of the family Erinaceidae. ''Hylomys'' species, like all species in the subfamily Galericinae, are known as gymnures or moonrats. Their closest relatives include the fossil '' Lantanotherium'' and '' Thaiagymnura'' ...

'' **** Long-eared gymnure, ''Hylomys megalotis'' ****

Dwarf gymnure The dwarf gymnure (''Hylomys parvus'') is a gymnure found only at Mount Kerinci, Sumatra, Indonesia. It is listed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially Inter ...

, ''Hylomys parvus'' ****

Short-tailed gymnure The short-tailed gymnure (''Hylomys suillus'') is a small mammal from the family of the Erinaceidae. The scientific name of the species is first published by Salomon Müller in 1840. Description The upperparts of the short-tailed gymnure are ...

or lesser moonrat, ''Hylomys suillus'' *** Genus ''

Neohylomys The Hainan gymnure (''Neohylomys hainanensis'') or Hainan moonrat is a species of mammal in the family Erinaceidae. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests. It was thought to be endemic to the island of Hainan, China where it ...

'' * Family Soricidae (

shrew Shrews (family Soricidae) are small mole-like mammals classified in the order Eulipotyphla. True shrews are not to be confused with treeshrews, otter shrews, elephant shrews, West Indies shrews, or marsupial shrews, which belong to differ ...

Clade Ferungulata

=Order Chiroptera ( bats)

=Order Pholidota (
pangolin Pangolins, sometimes known as scaly anteaters, are mammals of the order Pholidota (, from Ancient Greek ϕολιδωτός – "clad in scales"). The one extant family, the Manidae, has three genera: '' Manis'', ''Phataginus'', and '' Smuts ...
s)

* Family

Manidae Manidae is the only extant family of pangolins from superfamily Manoidea. This family comprises three genera ('' Manis'' from subfamily Maninae, ''Phataginus'' from subfamily Phatagininae, and '' Smutsia'' from subfamily Smutsiinae), as well a ...

** Genus ''

Manis ''Manis'' is a genus of South Asian and East Asian pangolins, the Asiatic pangolins, from subfamily Maninae, within family Manidae. Etymology Carl Linnaeus (1758) invented the Neo-Latin generic name ''Manis'' apparently as a feminine singul ...

'' *** Indian pangolin, ''Manis crassicaudata'' ***

Chinese pangolin The Chinese pangolin (''Manis pentadactyla'') is a pangolin native to the northern Indian subcontinent, northern parts of Southeast Asia and southern China. It has been listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List since 2014, as the ...

, ''Manis pentadactyla'' *** Asian giant pangolin, ''Manis paleojavanica'' † *** Sunda pangolin, ''Manis javanica'' ***

Philippine pangolin The Philippine pangolin or Palawan pangolin (''Manis culionensis''), also locally known as ''balintong'', is a pangolin species endemic to the Palawan province of the Philippines. Its habitat includes primary and secondary forests, as well as sur ...

, ''Manis culionensis'' ** Genus ''

Phataginus African tree pangolin (''Phataginus'') is a genus of African pangolins from subfamily small African pangolins (Phatagininae), within family Manidae. Its members are the more arboreal of the African pangolins. The number of illegally trafficke ...

'' ***

Tree pangolin The tree pangolin (''Phataginus tricuspis'') is one of eight extant species of pangolins ("scaly anteaters"), and is native to equatorial Africa. Also known as the white-bellied pangolin or three-cusped pangolin, it is the most common of the ...

, ''Phataginus tricuspis'' ***

Long-tailed pangolin The long-tailed pangolin (''Phataginus tetradactyla''), also called the African black-bellied pangolin, or ''ipi'', is a diurnal, arboreal pangolin species belonging to the family Manidae, in the order Pholidota. They feed on ants rather than te ...

, ''Phataginus tetradactyla'' ** Genus ''

Smutsia ''Smutsia'' is a genus of African pangolins, better known as the African ground pangolins, from subfamily Smutsiinae, within family Manidae. It was formerly considered a subgenus of '' Manis''. Its members are the more terrestrial of the African ...

'' ***

Giant pangolin The giant pangolin (''Smutsia gigantea'') is the largest species in the family of pangolins. Members of the species inhabit Africa with a range stretching along the equator from West Africa to Uganda. It subsists almost entirely on ants and t ...

, ''Smutsia gigantea'' ***

Ground pangolin The ground pangolin (''Smutsia temminckii''), also known as Temminck's pangolin, Cape pangolin or steppe pangolin, is one of four species of pangolins which can be found in Africa, and the only one in southern and eastern Africa. The animal was n ...

, ''Smutsia temmincki''

=Order
Cetacea Cetacea (; , ) is an infraorder of aquatic mammals that includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Key characteristics are their fully aquatic lifestyle, streamlined body shape, often large size and exclusively carnivorous diet. They propel th ...

=Order
Carnivora Carnivora is a Clade, monophyletic order of Placentalia, placental mammals consisting of the most recent common ancestor of all felidae, cat-like and canidae, dog-like animals, and all descendants of that ancestor. Members of this group are f ...

=Order Perissodactyla (
odd-toed ungulate Odd-toed ungulates, mammals which constitute the taxonomic order Perissodactyla (, ), are animals—ungulates—who have reduced the weight-bearing toes to three (rhinoceroses and tapirs, with tapirs still using four toes on the front legs) o ...
s)

Known as

odd-toed ungulate Odd-toed ungulates, mammals which constitute the taxonomic order Perissodactyla (, ), are animals—ungulates—who have reduced the weight-bearing toes to three (rhinoceroses and tapirs, with tapirs still using four toes on the front legs) o ...

s, their rear hooves consist of an odd number of toes.

Suborder Hippomorpha

* Family

Equidae Equidae (sometimes known as the horse family) is the taxonomic family of horses and related animals, including the extant horses, asses, and zebras, and many other species known only from fossils. All extant species are in the genus '' Equus'', ...

(

horse The horse (''Equus ferus caballus'') is a domesticated, one-toed, hoofed mammal. It belongs to the taxonomic family Equidae and is one of two extant subspecies of ''Equus ferus''. The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million yea ...

s and allies) ** '' Equus ferus'' **

African wild ass The African wild ass (''Equus africanus'') or African wild donkey is a wild member of the horse family, Equidae. This species is thought to be the ancestor of the domestic donkey (''Equus asinus''), which is sometimes placed within the same spec ...

, ''Equus africanus'' **

Onager The onager (; ''Equus hemionus'' ), A new species called the kiang (''E. kiang''), a Tibetan relative, was previously considered to be a subspecies of the onager as ''E. hemionus kiang'', but recent molecular studies indicate it to be a distinct ...

or Asiatic ass, ''Equus hemionus'' **

Kiang The kiang (''Equus kiang'') is the largest of the '' Asinus'' subgenus. It is native to the Tibetan Plateau, where it inhabits montane and alpine grasslands. Its current range is restricted to the plains of the Tibetan plateau; Ladakh; and n ...

or Tibetan wild ass, ''Equus kiang'' **

Plains zebra The plains zebra (''Equus quagga'', formerly ''Equus burchellii''), also known as the common zebra, is the most common and geographically widespread species of zebra. Its range is fragmented, but spans much of southern and eastern Africa south o ...

, ''Equus quagga'' **

Mountain zebra The mountain zebra (''Equus zebra'') is a zebra species in the family Equidae, native to southwestern Africa. There are two subspecies, the Cape mountain zebra (''E. z. zebra'') found in South Africa and Hartmann's mountain zebra (''E. z. hartman ...

, ''Equus zebra'' ** Grevy's zebra, ''Equus grevyi''

Suborder Ceratomorpha

* Family Tapiridae (

tapir Tapirs ( ) are large, herbivorous mammals belonging to the family Tapiridae. They are similar in shape to a pig, with a short, prehensile nose trunk. Tapirs inhabit jungle and forest regions of South and Central America, with one species inh ...

s) **Genus ''

Tapirus ''Tapirus'' is a genus of tapir which contains the three living American tapir species. The Malayan tapir is usually included in ''Tapirus'' as well, although some authorities have moved it into its own genus, '' Acrocodia''. Extant species Th ...

'' ***

Brazilian tapir The South American tapir (''Tapirus terrestris''), also commonly called the Brazilian tapir (from the Tupi ''tapi'ira''), the Amazonian tapir, the maned tapir, the lowland tapir, the ''anta'' ( Portuguese), and ''la sachavaca'' (literally "bushc ...

, ''Tapirus terrestris'' *** Mountain tapir, ''Tapirus pinchaque'' ***

Baird's tapir The Baird's tapir (''Tapirus bairdii''), also known as the Central American tapir, is a species of tapir native to Mexico, Central America, and northwestern South America. It is the largest of the three species of tapir native to the Americas, as ...

, ''Tapirus bairdii'' ***

Malayan tapir The Malayan tapir (''Tapirus indicus''), also called Asian tapir, Asiatic tapir and Indian tapir, is the only tapir species native to Southeast Asia from the Malay Peninsula to Sumatra. It has been listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List since ...

, ''Tapirus indicus'' *** Kabomani tapir, ''Tapirus kabomani'' * Family

Rhinocerotidae A rhinoceros (; ; ), commonly abbreviated to rhino, is a member of any of the five extant species (or numerous extinct species) of odd-toed ungulates in the family Rhinocerotidae. (It can also refer to a member of any of the extinct species ...

(

rhinoceros A rhinoceros (; ; ), commonly abbreviated to rhino, is a member of any of the five extant species (or numerous extinct species) of odd-toed ungulates in the family Rhinocerotidae. (It can also refer to a member of any of the extinct specie ...

es)

** Genus ''

Diceros ''Diceros'' (Greek: "two" (dio), "horn" (keratos)) is a genus of rhinoceros containing the living black rhinoceros ''(Diceros bicornis)'' and at least one extinct species. Taxonomy ''Diceros'' is generally believed to have branched off from an ...

'' ***

Black rhinoceros The black rhinoceros, black rhino or hook-lipped rhinoceros (''Diceros bicornis'') is a species of rhinoceros, native to eastern and southern Africa including Angola, Botswana, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Eswatini, Tanzania ...

, ''Diceros bicornis'' ***

Sumatran rhinoceros The Sumatran rhinoceros (''Dicerorhinus sumatrensis''), also known as the Sumatran rhino, hairy rhinoceros or Asian two-horned rhinoceros, is a rare member of the family Rhinocerotidae and one of five extant species of rhinoceros. It is the o ...

, ''Dicerorhinus sumatrensis'' ** Genus ''

Ceratotherium ''Ceratotherium'' (Greek: "horn" (keratos), "beast" (therion)) is a genus of the family Rhinocerotidae, consisting of a single extant species, the white rhinoceros, and its extinct relatives, ''Ceratotherium neumayri'' and ''Ceratotherium maurit ...

'' ***

White rhinoceros The white rhinoceros, white rhino or square-lipped rhinoceros (''Ceratotherium simum'') is the largest extant species of rhinoceros. It has a wide mouth used for grazing and is the most social of all rhino species. The white rhinoceros consists ...

, ''Ceratotherium simum'' ** Genus ''

Rhinoceros A rhinoceros (; ; ), commonly abbreviated to rhino, is a member of any of the five extant species (or numerous extinct species) of odd-toed ungulates in the family Rhinocerotidae. (It can also refer to a member of any of the extinct specie ...

'' ***

Indian rhinoceros } The Indian rhinoceros (''Rhinoceros unicornis''), also called the Indian rhino, greater one-horned rhinoceros or great Indian rhinoceros, is a rhinoceros species native to the Indian subcontinent. It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red Li ...

, ''Rhinoceros unicornis'' *** Javan rhinoceros, ''Rhinoceros sondaicus''

=Order
Artiodactyla The even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla , ) are ungulates—hoofed animals—which bear weight equally on two (an even number) of their five toes: the third and fourth. The other three toes are either present, absent, vestigial, or pointing poster ...
(
even-toed ungulate The even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla , ) are ungulates—hoofed animals—which bear weight equally on two (an even number) of their five toes: the third and fourth. The other three toes are either present, absent, vestigial, or pointing poster ...
s)

References

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:placental mammals Taxonomic lists

Magnorder Atlantogenata Atlantogenata is a proposed clade of mammals containing the cohorts or superorders Xenarthra and Afrotheria. These groups originated and radiated in the South American and African continents, respectively, presumably in the Cretaceous. Together ...

Superorder Afrotheria Afrotheria ( from Latin ''Afro-'' "of Africa" + ''theria'' "wild beast") is a clade of mammals, the living members of which belong to groups that are either currently living in Africa or of African origin: golden moles, elephant shrews (also k ...

Clade Afroinsectiphilia The Afroinsectiphilia (African insectivores) is a clade that has been proposed based on the results of recent molecular phylogenetic studies. Many of the taxa within it were once regarded as part of the order Insectivora, but Insectivora is now ...

=Order Tubulidentata (aardvark The aardvark ( ; ''Orycteropus afer'') is a medium-sized, burrowing, nocturnal mammal native to Africa. It is the only living species of the order Tubulidentata, although other prehistoric species and genera of Tubulidentata are known. Unlik ...s)

=Clade hameleoni

Clade Paenungulata

=Clade Tethytheria Tethytheria is a clade of mammals that includes the sirenians and proboscideans, as well as the extinct order Embrithopoda. Though there is strong anatomical and molecular support for the monophyly of Tethytheria, the interrelationships between ...

Superorder Xenarthra Xenarthra (; from Ancient Greek ξένος, xénos, "foreign, alien" + ἄρθρον, árthron, "joint") is a major clade of placental mammals native to the Americas. There are 31 living species: the anteaters, tree sloths, and armadillos. ...

Order Cingulata (armadillo Armadillos (meaning "little armored ones" in Spanish) are New World placental mammals in the order Cingulata. The Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae are the only surviving families in the order, which is part of the superorder Xenarthra, alo ...s)

Order Pilosa

=Suborder Vermilingua (anteater Anteater is a common name for the four extant mammal species of the suborder Vermilingua (meaning "worm tongue") commonly known for eating ants and termites. The individual species have other names in English and other languages. Together wit ...s)

=Suborder Folivora (sloth Sloths are a group of Neotropical xenarthran mammals constituting the suborder Folivora, including the extant arboreal tree sloths and extinct terrestrial ground sloths. Noted for their slowness of movement, tree sloths spend most of their l ...s)

Magnorder Boreoeutheria Boreoeutheria (, "northern true beasts") is a magnorder of placental mammals that groups together superorders Euarchontoglires and Laurasiatheria. With a few exceptionsExceptional clades whose males lack the usual boreoeutherian scrotum are mo ...

Superorder Euarchontoglires Euarchontoglires (synonymous with Supraprimates) is a clade and a superorder of mammals, the living members of which belong to one of the five following groups: rodents, lagomorphs, treeshrews, colugos, and primates. Evolutionary affinities wi ...

Grandorder Euarchonta The Euarchonta are a proposed grandorder of mammals: the order Scandentia (treeshrews), and its sister Primatomorpha mirorder, containing the Dermoptera or colugos and the primates (Plesiadapiformes and descendents). The term "Euarchonta" (mea ...

=Mirorder Primatomorpha The Primatomorpha are a proposed mirorder of mammals containing the flying lemurs (order Dermoptera or colugos) and lemurs (Strepsirrhini, adapiformes and lemuriformes). However, notably, the haplorhini are sister to the lemurs, together form ...

Grandorder Glires Glires (, Latin ''glīrēs'' 'dormice') is a clade (sometimes ranked as a grandorder) consisting of rodents and lagomorphs ( rabbits, hares, and pikas). The hypothesis that these form a monophyletic group has been long debated based on morpho ...

=Order Rodent Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are n ...ia

=Order Lagomorpha

Superorder Laurasiatheria Laurasiatheria ("laurasian beasts") is a superorder of placental mammals that groups together true insectivores ( eulipotyphlans), bats ( chiropterans), carnivorans, pangolins ( pholidotes), even-toed ungulates ( artiodactyls), odd-toed ungulat ...

Order Eulipotyphla Eulipotyphla (, which means "truly fat and blind") is an order of mammals suggested by molecular methods of phylogenetic reconstruction, which includes the laurasiatherian members of the now-invalid polyphyletic order Lipotyphla, but not the ...

Clade Ferungulata

=Order Chiroptera ( bats)

=Order Pholidota (pangolin Pangolins, sometimes known as scaly anteaters, are mammals of the order Pholidota (, from Ancient Greek ϕολιδωτός – "clad in scales"). The one extant family, the Manidae, has three genera: '' Manis'', ''Phataginus'', and '' Smuts ...s)

=Order Cetacea Cetacea (; , ) is an infraorder of aquatic mammals that includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Key characteristics are their fully aquatic lifestyle, streamlined body shape, often large size and exclusively carnivorous diet. They propel th ...

=Order Carnivora Carnivora is a Clade, monophyletic order of Placentalia, placental mammals consisting of the most recent common ancestor of all felidae, cat-like and canidae, dog-like animals, and all descendants of that ancestor. Members of this group are f ...

=Order Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulate Odd-toed ungulates, mammals which constitute the taxonomic order Perissodactyla (, ), are animals—ungulates—who have reduced the weight-bearing toes to three (rhinoceroses and tapirs, with tapirs still using four toes on the front legs) o ...s)

See also

References

Magnorder
Atlantogenata Atlantogenata is a proposed clade of mammals containing the cohorts or superorders Xenarthra and Afrotheria. These groups originated and radiated in the South American and African continents, respectively, presumably in the Cretaceous. Together ...

Superorder
Afrotheria Afrotheria ( from Latin ''Afro-'' "of Africa" + ''theria'' "wild beast") is a clade of mammals, the living members of which belong to groups that are either currently living in Africa or of African origin: golden moles, elephant shrews (also k ...

Clade
Afroinsectiphilia The Afroinsectiphilia (African insectivores) is a clade that has been proposed based on the results of recent molecular phylogenetic studies. Many of the taxa within it were once regarded as part of the order Insectivora, but Insectivora is now ...

=Order Tubulidentata (
aardvark The aardvark ( ; ''Orycteropus afer'') is a medium-sized, burrowing, nocturnal mammal native to Africa. It is the only living species of the order Tubulidentata, although other prehistoric species and genera of Tubulidentata are known. Unlik ...
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=Clade
Tethytheria Tethytheria is a clade of mammals that includes the sirenians and proboscideans, as well as the extinct order Embrithopoda. Though there is strong anatomical and molecular support for the monophyly of Tethytheria, the interrelationships between ...

Superorder
Xenarthra Xenarthra (; from Ancient Greek ξένος, xénos, "foreign, alien" + ἄρθρον, árthron, "joint") is a major clade of placental mammals native to the Americas. There are 31 living species: the anteaters, tree sloths, and armadillos. ...

Order Cingulata (
armadillo Armadillos (meaning "little armored ones" in Spanish) are New World placental mammals in the order Cingulata. The Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae are the only surviving families in the order, which is part of the superorder Xenarthra, alo ...
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=Suborder Vermilingua (
anteater Anteater is a common name for the four extant mammal species of the suborder Vermilingua (meaning "worm tongue") commonly known for eating ants and termites. The individual species have other names in English and other languages. Together wit ...
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=Suborder Folivora (
sloth Sloths are a group of Neotropical xenarthran mammals constituting the suborder Folivora, including the extant arboreal tree sloths and extinct terrestrial ground sloths. Noted for their slowness of movement, tree sloths spend most of their l ...
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Magnorder
Boreoeutheria Boreoeutheria (, "northern true beasts") is a magnorder of placental mammals that groups together superorders Euarchontoglires and Laurasiatheria. With a few exceptionsExceptional clades whose males lack the usual boreoeutherian scrotum are mo ...

Superorder
Euarchontoglires Euarchontoglires (synonymous with Supraprimates) is a clade and a superorder of mammals, the living members of which belong to one of the five following groups: rodents, lagomorphs, treeshrews, colugos, and primates. Evolutionary affinities wi ...

Grandorder
Euarchonta The Euarchonta are a proposed grandorder of mammals: the order Scandentia (treeshrews), and its sister Primatomorpha mirorder, containing the Dermoptera or colugos and the primates (Plesiadapiformes and descendents). The term "Euarchonta" (mea ...

=Mirorder
Primatomorpha The Primatomorpha are a proposed mirorder of mammals containing the flying lemurs (order Dermoptera or colugos) and lemurs (Strepsirrhini, adapiformes and lemuriformes). However, notably, the haplorhini are sister to the lemurs, together form ...

Grandorder
Glires Glires (, Latin ''glīrēs'' 'dormice') is a clade (sometimes ranked as a grandorder) consisting of rodents and lagomorphs ( rabbits, hares, and pikas). The hypothesis that these form a monophyletic group has been long debated based on morpho ...

=Order
Rodent Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are n ...
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Superorder
Laurasiatheria Laurasiatheria ("laurasian beasts") is a superorder of placental mammals that groups together true insectivores ( eulipotyphlans), bats ( chiropterans), carnivorans, pangolins ( pholidotes), even-toed ungulates ( artiodactyls), odd-toed ungulat ...

Order
Eulipotyphla Eulipotyphla (, which means "truly fat and blind") is an order of mammals suggested by molecular methods of phylogenetic reconstruction, which includes the laurasiatherian members of the now-invalid polyphyletic order Lipotyphla, but not the ...

=Order Pholidota (
pangolin Pangolins, sometimes known as scaly anteaters, are mammals of the order Pholidota (, from Ancient Greek ϕολιδωτός – "clad in scales"). The one extant family, the Manidae, has three genera: '' Manis'', ''Phataginus'', and '' Smuts ...
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=Order
Cetacea Cetacea (; , ) is an infraorder of aquatic mammals that includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Key characteristics are their fully aquatic lifestyle, streamlined body shape, often large size and exclusively carnivorous diet. They propel th ...

=Order
Carnivora Carnivora is a Clade, monophyletic order of Placentalia, placental mammals consisting of the most recent common ancestor of all felidae, cat-like and canidae, dog-like animals, and all descendants of that ancestor. Members of this group are f ...

=Order Perissodactyla (
odd-toed ungulate Odd-toed ungulates, mammals which constitute the taxonomic order Perissodactyla (, ), are animals—ungulates—who have reduced the weight-bearing toes to three (rhinoceroses and tapirs, with tapirs still using four toes on the front legs) o ...
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